????
(?/??)
“????”??
1947?,????«?????»(National Security Act of 1947,??80-235),??????????????????(????,1947)
(?????????:???????)
?????102?(SEC.102),?????????(Central Intelligence Agency),“????????????????,??????????”?CIA?????“??”??????,????????(intelligence community)?“???”?2005???,CIA????????,????????????“??????”(Director of National Intelligence)???
(«?????»:???????)
????????CIA????????????(Defense Intelligence Agency)????,??????????????????????
«????»?28?33????????????,533???,????????????“????????????”?(????,1966)
(«????»:“????????????”?)
??1968?6?19????«????????????»(Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968,??90-351),?????????????????????(????,1968)
?????“????”???????«?????»?3?(SEC.3),??????????,???“????”??(foreign intelligence)?“???”??(counterintelligence)?
??“????”,?????????????????????????????????“???”???????????????????????????????????????(????,1947)
1978?,????«???????»(Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978,??:95-511),???101?(SEC.101)?“????”?????????:“??????????”????“???????????”?“?????????”?“??????”,???????????????????????,??????????????????(????,1978)
102?(SEC.102)??,????????????,?????????????,??????????????“????”?????,?????????
103?(SEC.103)??,?????????????(Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court)???????????????????,???????,????????????,????????
???????,??2017?,??41222???,?????????,????85??(????????,2018)
??????“????”????????
??“??”????
?????????????,??????????????,???????????
??????,????????,???“???”(conspiracy)????
?????18?371?(18 U.S. Code §?371)???,???????????????(conspire either to commit any offense against the United States,or to defraud the United States)?(????,1948)
(«????»:????????!)
“??????????????????????,?????????,???????,?????????????,???????????????????”,??????????
?18?1349?(18 U.S. Code §?1349)??“???????”????????(????,1948)
??“???????????”?,???????????????2018?2?16?,????????????????????????“???”????????????????,???????
?????,????????(Internet Research Agency)???????“???”(information warfare),??????,?????,??????????????????????,???????
???????“???”????,??????????
1938?,?????«????????»(Foreign Agents Registration Act,«????»?18?951?,?22?611?622?),???????????,???????“????????”,????????,??????????
????“?????”(agent of a foreign government)??«????»?18?951?(18 U.S. Code §?951)??,???????,“???????????,?????”?(????,1948)
«????»?22?611?(22 U.S. Code §?611)??,??“?????????”(agent of a foreign principal)?????“?????”????????????,??????????????(????,1938)
611?c??????,“???”?“?????”“?????,?????,?????”,??“???????????,?????????????????????????”,?????“????”(political activities),?????????,??????????? ????,????
????:
© 1996 - ????? ???? ?ICP?05002857? ?????110402500047?
???? ??:???????52? ??:100864